What is being tested

Invariance keeps a sampled root fixed, fans out prompt variants from the same cases, and compares base and variant outputs only where the pairing is complete. It is a diagnostic stress test: it does not replace the canonical full-run benchmark results.

Why investigate metric invariance

A metric cannot be treated as dependable if an equivalent phrasing changes the measured endpoint for reasons unrelated to the behaviour under examination. Invariance makes that fragility visible. It helps separate an apparent model improvement from a measurement artefact, and therefore identifies which behaviour/metric combinations are robust enough to use as targets for later SFT, preference learning or reinforcement-learning work.

The interpretation is grounded in the benchmark’s paired-delta approach and the robustness distinction discussed in Large-Language-Model Reasoning Failures. Metric invariance is an evidence layer, not evidence that a model has already been made robust.

Invariance composition

This generated project plot makes the invariance evaluation surface visible before interpreting model deltas. It describes diagnostic-category composition under the null-transformation manifest, not model performance.

Generated invariance variant overview radar across diagnostic categories and study slices

Reading the plot: the radar compares the diagnostic-category spread for the overall invariance surface and each available study series. It shows what types of cases the paired perturbation results are drawn from.

Compute-limited coverage

Metric-invariance comparisons require a complete paired base-and-variant run. Some Study A and Study C model pairs could not be completed with the local compute available for the project, so they are not represented as if they had a measured result.

Study APartially complete. Only finished paired comparisons are included in the findings.
Study BCompleted paired endpoints provide the available pressure and multi-turn variation evidence.
Study CPartially complete. The remaining paired comparisons require further compute to finish.

Recorded endpoint shifts

This project figure reports selected endpoint shifts for the completed paired comparisons. Each row keeps its own metric definition, so the plot is not a single cross-study ranking.

Project endpoint shifts by model with 95 percent confidence intervals

Reading the plot: points report variant-minus-base deltas and horizontal bars show 95% confidence intervals for available endpoints. M marks an unavailable comparison; NM marks a present but non-measurable comparison.

Interpretation boundary

Invariance findings are post-freeze diagnostics. They surface endpoint brittleness for follow-up but do not establish clinical safety, deployment readiness, or a complete robustness benchmark.